Savanna Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 7(1):146-157
Balancing Image Quality and Radiation Safety in Mammography: A Pilot Study of Detector Performance and Optimization Strategies
Iortile J. T. and Alumuku L.
ABSTRACT
Mammography represents a specialized diagnostic imaging technique that employs low-energy X-rays to generate
high-resolution images of breast tissue for both diagnostic and screening applications. The methodology necessitates
meticulous calibration of kilovoltage and tube current-time parameters, specifically customized to the unique thickness
of the breast, to guarantee superior image quality while concurrently minimizing radiation exposure. The principal
aim of mammography is the identification of low-contrast visible masses and calcifications, which may be as small as
100 microns in diameter, thereby demanding high spatial resolution in comparison to traditional X-ray imaging
techniques. With the radiosensitive qualities of breast tissue in mind, it is necessary to keep radiation doses as low as
is reasonably achievable (ALARA) to reduce the associated risk of cancer from X-ray exposure. This investigation
aspires to offer a comprehensive analysis of the operational principles governing mammography apparatus and the
diverse detectors utilised in mammographic imaging. Through the exploration of contemporary detector technologies
and operational methodologies, this research endeavors to pinpoint opportunities for enhancing radiation protection
within mammography systems. The objective is to elevate image quality while diminishing radiation exposure to
breast tissue, thereby augmenting the overall safety and effectiveness of mammography as a diagnostic instrument.
